Chalkida Uncovered: A Traveler's Guide to Must-See Spots and Hidden Gems

Τα κορυφαία Μνημεία και Φυσικά Τοπία της Χαλκίδας

Η Χαλκίδα, μια πανέμορφη πόλη στρατηγικά τοποθετημένη στα στενά του Ευρίπου, συνδέει τη Στερεά Ελλάδα με τη δεύτερη μεγαλύτερη νήσο της χώρας, την Εύβοια.

Γνωστή για τα “τρελά νερά” της και την ιστορική της γέφυρα, η Χαλκίδα αποτελεί έναν προορισμό που προσελκύει τουρίστες κάθε εποχή του χρόνου, προσφέροντας μια πληθώρα αξιοθέατων και δραστηριοτήτων.

Ας εξερευνήσουμε μερικά από τα κορυφαία αξιοθέατα που κανείς δεν πρέπει να χάσει επισκεπτόμενος την Χαλκίδα.

Από την Αρχαιότητα στο σήμερα, ένα ταξίδι στο χρόνο στα Αξιοθέατα της Χαλκίδας

Νέο Αρχαιολογικό Μουσείο Αρέθουσας

Το αρχαιολογικό μουσείο της Χαλκίδας Αρέθουσα, αποτελεί έναν ουσιαστικό προορισμό για τους λάτρεις της αρχαιολογίας και της ιστορίας που επισκέπτονται την πανέμορφη πόλη της Χαλκίδας.

Βρίσκεται σε έναν εντυπωσιακό χώρο και φιλοξενεί μια εκτενή συλλογή αρχαιολογικών ευρημάτων που αναδεικνύουν τον πλούτο της περιοχής από την προϊστορία έως τη ρωμαϊκή περίοδο.

Η εισαγωγική ενότητα της έκθεσης παρουσιάζει δύο σημαντικούς αρχαίους ταξιδιωτικούς προορισμούς της Εύβοιας: τον Εύριπο στη Χαλκίδα με το μοναδικό παλιρροϊκό φαινόμενο και τα θερμά ιαματικά λουτρά της Αιδηψού.

Οι επισκέπτες μπορούν να εξερευνήσουν την ιστορία της περιοχής μέσα από διαδραστικές εφαρμογές και να γνωρίσουν την πολιτειακή οργάνωση από την Προϊστορία έως την Οθωμανική εποχή.

Παρουσιάζονται επίσης οι ευβοϊκές αποικίες και η επίδραση του ευβοϊκού αλφαβήτου στη Δύση, καθώς και η ιστορία του κτηρίου του μουσείου.

Οι ενότητες Οικονομία και Πολιτισμικές Ταυτότητες αναδεικνύουν την οικονομική ζωή και τις πολιτισμικές επαφές της Εύβοιας, ενώ η τελευταία ενότητα εστιάζει στη λατρευτική ζωή της περιοχής από την προϊστορία έως τη χριστιανική εποχή.

Βίντεο και εφαρμογές πολυμέσων εμπλουτίζουν την εμπειρία, προσφέροντας μια σύγχρονη ματιά στην πλούσια ιστορία και πολιτισμό της Εύβοιας.

Οι επισκέπτες μπορούν να εξερευνήσουν την ενδιαφέρουσα ιστορία της Εύβοιας μέσα από εκθέματα όπως αρχαίες κεραμικές συλλογές, αγάλματα, κοσμήματα και ανακτήσεις από αρχαίες πόλεις.

Το μουσείο προσφέρει μια συναρπαστική εμπειρία που συνδυάζει τον πολιτισμό και την τέχνη της αρχαιότητας με την όμορφη περιοχή της Χαλκίδας, προσφέροντας στους επισκέπτες μια βαθιά καλλιτεχνική και ιστορική εμπειρία.

Κάστρο Καράμπαμπα

Το Κάστρο Καράμπαμπα στην Χαλκίδα, που υψώνεται επιβλητικά στον λόφο στην κορυφή του λόφου Φούρκα, είναι μια σημαντική οχυρωματική κατασκευή με βαθιές ρίζες στην ιστορία.

Χτισμένο το 1684 από τον Βενετό αρχιτέκτονα Τζερόλιμο Γκαλόπο για τους Οθωμανούς, το κάστρο αντικατοπτρίζει την πλούσια πολιτιστική κληρονομιά της περιοχής. Στην ίδια θέση, κατά την αρχαιότητα, βρισκόταν η πόλη Κάνηθος, με ενδείξεις οχυρώσεων από τη Ρωμαϊκή περίοδο, αλλά χωρίς σαφείς αποδείξεις οχύρωσης κατά τους Βυζαντινούς και Ενετικούς χρόνους.

Από τη προνομιακή θέση του, το κάστρο προσφέρει έναν πανοραμικό έλεγχο της περιοχής, περιλαμβάνοντας την Χαλκίδα, τον Εύριπο, καθώς και μεγάλο μέρος των Ευβοϊκών κόλπων.

Με διαστάσεις 240 μέτρα μήκος και 54 μέτρα πλάτος, το κάστρο χαρακτηρίζεται από το στενόμακρο σχήμα του, ενώ η αρχιτεκτονική του αναδεικνύει έναν συνδυασμό Ευρωπαϊκών και Οθωμανικών επιρροών.

Η δομή περιλαμβάνει τρεις προμαχώνες, έναν επιβλητικό πύργο και προτείχισμα στη βόρεια πλευρά, με τον πιο περίτεχνο προμαχώνα, εξαγωνικού σχήματος, να βρίσκεται απέναντι από την Χαλκίδα.

Η μοναδική πύλη του κάστρου οδηγεί σε ένα κωδωνοστάσιο, όπου κάποτε φιλοξενούνταν η καμπάνα συναγερμού, ενώ ένας εφτάγωνος πύργος κυριαρχεί στη δυτική πλευρά, προσφέροντας μια άμυνα στο υψηλότερο σημείο του λόφου.

Στο εσωτερικό του κάστρου, το μόνο σωζόμενο κτίσμα είναι ο ναός του Προφήτη Ηλία, χτισμένος το 1895, ενώ ο εσωτερικός διάδρομος του δυτικού πύργου έχει μετατραπεί σε εκθεσιακό χώρο, όπου εκτίθενται έργα από διάφορες εποχές, αποδίδοντας την πολιτισμική πλούτο της περιοχής.

Μετά από ανακατασκευαστικές εργασίες την περίοδο 1985-2000, το Κάστρο Καράμπαμπα αναδεικνύεται ως ένας ζωντανός ιστορικός χώρος, προσφέροντας στους επισκέπτες μια μοναδική ματιά στην ιστορία της Χαλκίδας και της ευρύτερης περιοχής.

Στην είσοδο του κάστρου, επισκέπτες μπορούν επίσης να αποτίσουν φόρο τιμής στον τάφο του διάσημου λογοτέχνη Γιάννη Σκαρίμπα, ενώνοντας την ιστορική με την πνευματική κληρονομιά του τόπου.

The Folklore Museum of Chalkida

The Folklore Museum of Chalkida constitutes a rare repository of culture and history, as it is situated within one of the remaining bastions of the Chalkida Castle.

This castle, once the heart of the city and its stronghold, emerges as the sole surviving legacy of the legendary Venetian fortress of Chalkida, known as the historical castle of Negreponte during the Frankish and Egribosi periods under Ottoman rule.

Located on Skalkota Street, in an area rich in historical landmarks, the museum offers a window into the past, presenting through its collection of over 1,200 exhibits depicting the life, activities, customs, and arts of the inhabitants of Chalkida and the broader region of Evia island.

The history of Negreponte Castle is an integral part of the tumultuous history of the region, with Chalkida serving as a significant center over the centuries, both strategically and economically. From the reconstruction of the castle by the Flemish nobleman Jacob d’Avesnes after the Fourth Crusade, to its occupation by the Ottomans and the impressive siege of 1470 by Mehmed II the Conqueror, the castle has inscribed a significant chapter in the history of the area.

The destruction of the castle and the transformation of the area into a more modern city under the supervision of Mayor Heraklis Gazepis, as well as the reactions of the inhabitants and the eventual loss of a significant part of its historical and cultural heritage, highlight the multifaceted dynamics that have shaped the contemporary image of Chalkida.

Today, the Folklore Museum of Chalkida is not merely a museum housing traditional exhibits. It is a living space that bridges the past with the present, offering visitors the opportunity to explore the complexity and rich history of a place that has played a central role in Greek history throughout the centuries.

The Emir Zade Mosque

The Emir Zade Mosque in Chalkida represents a notable monument of Ottoman architecture distinguished by its well-preserved state in the region, apart from its exterior vaulted arcade and minaret.

Constructed in the late 15th century, the mosque is built on the site of an earlier Christian church, enriched with decorative elements of Arabic craftsmanship including the Halil fountain.

The mosque embodies the history and tradition of Ottoman presence in Evia, reflecting the cultural interaction between the Christian and Islamic elements of the region. The inscription at the mosque's entrance reflects the essential spiritual connection and the quest for peace, while its architecture, with the central square hall and the sacred mihrab, highlights the worship significance and social function of the mosque.

Its conversion into a barracks after liberation and its ultimate declaration as a preserved monument underscore its tumultuous yet rich history. Its preservation and utilization as a space housing part of the Chalkida archaeological collection reinforce the cultural connection between the past and the present, while simultaneously maintaining its historical identity.

Its transformation into an exhibition space hosting part of Ioannis Karakostas' print collection demonstrates the multifunctional use of the space after the Islamic period. Located in a central point of the city, at Pesonton Opliton Square, it showcases the historical and cultural heritage of Chalkida.

The Roman Aqueduct and the Arches (Kamares)

The Roman Aqueduct, known as the Kamares, is an archaeological monument located at the northern exit of Chalkida, near the ring road. Initially, it served as a water transportation system for the city's water supply and was built by the Romans.

Today, the aqueduct remains in excellent condition and serves as an impressive example of ancient architectural technique. Twelve intact arches with voussoirs and three columns without voussoirs are preserved. It appears that the construction took place in two phases, first by the Romans and then by the Venetians, with subsequent repairs by the Ottomans.

Ensuring water supply was vital for Ottoman society, and therefore, the aqueduct was one of the main supply mechanisms. In the city of Chalkida, water supply was mainly through fountains and wells during the Turkish rule.

Most researchers have argued that the aqueduct was built by the Venetians, which transported water a distance of 25 kilometers from the foothills of Mount Dirfys. However, recent research concludes that it is an Ottoman work dating around 1623-1624. Today, Kamares consist of 11 arches supported by stone columns, while some sections of columns also survive, indicating the continuity of the project.

Despite the aqueduct likely being used until a certain period, historians attest that it collapsed and was no longer used towards the end of the Ottoman rule.

The Church of Agia Paraskevi from the Frankish era and the House of the Venetian Governor Vailos

At the heart of Chalkida, the Holy Church of Agia Paraskevi, the patron saint of Chalkida, stands as a spiritual beacon with deep roots in the history of Europe and Orthodoxy. Built on the foundations of an ancient basilica from the early Christian centuries, this historic church has witnessed completion and revolution, serving as a symbol of resilience and faith through the ages.

During the Frankish rule, the church was rebuilt in a Gothic style, reflecting the European influences of the time, while still retaining the characteristics of early Christian architecture. Significant modifications and repairs were made even after natural disasters, such as the earthquake of 1853, which led to the reconstruction of its facade.

The church's history as an Orthodox church, a Latin church, and later as an Ottoman mosque, bears witness to the successive sovereignties and the cultural complexity of the region. After the Greek independence, the church was restored to Christian worship, indicating the revival and continuity of religious tradition in Chalkida.

Agia Paraskevi is the patron saint of Chalkida, whose memory is celebrated ceremoniously every year on July 26th.

Meanwhile, the House of the Venetian Governor Vailos is a two-story building and one of the few surviving structures from the Frankish era, revealing the significance of Chalkida as a center of administrative and military power. Its presence connects the city with the broader medieval history of Europe, reminding of the complex times of the Crusades and Venetian rule.

Through these historical memories, the Holy Church of Agia Paraskevi and the House of Vailos speak of an era when Chalkida was a crossroads of civilizations and faiths, keeping alive its historical heritage for future generations.

Recent historical era and natural landmarks of Chalkida

The old Bridge of Chalkida and the tidal phenomenon of Evripos with its "crazy waters"

The old Bridge of Chalkida

The Old Bridge of Chalkida in Evia, constitutes an architectural and mechanical landmark that embodies Greece's pioneering thought and ingenuity. As the world's first sliding bridge, this bridge has become a symbol of technological innovation and historical significance.

Linking the strait of Evripos, the bridge offers unique visual experiences, such as the view of the "crazy waters," the opportunity for photos with the bustling city promenade in the background, and sports competitions such as canoeing and kayaking.

However, the most impressive event is the opening of the bridge to allow the passage of sailboats and other large vessels, a spectacle that captivates and leaves an indelible impression on visitors.

Historical records highlight the construction of the retractable bridge in the late 1959 as a response to the need for a new structure due to the obsolescence of the previous "Italian" bridge.

Its history dates back centuries, with the first recorded bridge on Evripos dating back to the late 5th century BCE, maintaining its strategic and economic importance throughout the ages.

Over time, the bridge has undergone multiple changes, transformations, and renovations, adapting to the technological and social advancements of each era.

Its timeless presence as a connecting link between the two shores and its contribution to the development of the local and national economy seal its value as a pivotal and emblematic point of Chalkida and the broader region.

For this reason, the Chalkida Bridge is not merely a feat of engineering and architecture. It is a symbol of cultural heritage and technological innovation, a bridge that connects history with the future, and highlights the resilience, adaptability, and perspective of Greek society and technology.

The "crazy waters" of Evripos and Chalkida

Those who have visited the Strait of Evripos in Chalkida have surely heard of the unique phenomenon of the "crazy waters" of Euripus that change direction every 6 hours!

The famous "crazy waters" of Evripos in Chalkida are called exactly that because of their movement that seems... crazy. Specifically, they change direction every 6 hours!

The waters of this channel, which is 39 meters wide and 40 meters long, change direction every six hours, moving one towards the North and one towards the South.

This tidal wave is generated by the attraction of the Moon in the Eastern Mediterranean and moves westward. Additionally, the wave entering the southern Evian Gulf reaches the Evripos Strait 1 hour and 15 minutes earlier than the wave coming from the north. And this, of course, is because the route it follows is shorter.

And somewhere around here, the phenomenon of the tide and the crazy waters begins to become visible. Specifically, most water volumes arrive from the south earlier due to the distance, resulting in raising the level in that area by about 30 to 40 centimeters.

Thus, a current is created from the south to the north. Even if someone finds it difficult to understand, when they are there to admire it at the moment of change, the result is truly extremely impressive and worth the effort.

The "Red House" and the "House with Statues" are the neoclassical "gems" of Chalkida in Evia.

These two buildings, which reflect the cosmopolitanism of Chalkida, are none other than the Red House and the House with Statues, two impressive neoclassical buildings from the 19th century, which served as the residences of the brothers Ioannis and Dimitrios Mallios, respectively.

The two beautiful buildings are located opposite each other on the north side of the city and are examples of exceptional architecture.

The Red House was built in 1884 by the civil engineer Konstantinos Fleggas on the tip of the land next to the bay of Souvala, and in 1890 it was purchased by Ioannis Mallios, a merchant with significant activity in Egypt.

Its location above the sea, its architecture, and its impressive red color made it a point of reference for the city from the beginning. During the Occupation, the building was requisitioned by the Germans, who converted it into their headquarters.

Since 1989, the house has belonged to the Municipality of Chalkida, housing the "Estia Gnoseos" (Hearth of Knowledge) and hosting cultural events from time to time.

The House with Statues was built in 1891, on behalf of Dimitrios Mallios, on the plot opposite the Red House. The building is distinguished by the four clay statues adorning the roof, depicting two female and two male figures.

Also impressive is the large marble staircase leading from the courtyard to the main entrance of the house. The property was purchased in the early 1980s by the Municipality of Chalkida and today houses the "Lyceum Ellinidon" (Girls' High School) and the Society of Evian Studies.

The Kotsika Mansion - Chalkida Municipal Hall

The Kotsika Mansion stands out as one of the most impressive neoclassical buildings in the area of Chalkida. With its impressive presence, it is located on the waterfront, offering a unique aesthetic landscape and highlighting the history and culture of the area.

In 1904, the merchant Polychronis Kotsikas, who hailed from Karystos and resided in Cairo, Egypt, commissioned the engineer Pothitos Kamaras, known for constructing the old Palirroia Hotel, to erect a new building that we recognize today as the Kotsika Mansion.

Construction of the mansion began in 1906. In 1984, during the mayorship of Yiannis Spanos, the building was purchased by the Municipality of Chalkida from the heirs of P. Kotsikas, with the intention of converting it into a municipal hall.

Built in the early 20th century, the Kotsika Mansion exudes a sense of grandeur and elegance with its impressive architecture and exquisite detail in the decorative elements. The panoramic view of the sea and the harmonization of the building's elements with its surroundings create a masterpiece of aesthetics and architecture.

The building exhibits an impressive coherence between neoclassical and baroque elements, with two external turrets facing the sea and discreet projections towards Pharmakidou Street. The marble elements, gypsum decorations, and wooden staircases add an air of luxury and refined aesthetics.

The interior spaces of the Kotsika Mansion exude a sense of exceptional luxury and history. The wooden floors, marble elements, and gypsum decorative panels create an exquisite space, while the large halls host various events and exhibitions, providing a rich cultural environment.

With its remarkable history and aristocratic presence, the Kotsika Mansion is a significant element of the cultural and architectural wealth of the area, offering a unique journey into the past and combining tradition with contemporary culture.

Kaki Kefali Lighthouse

The Kakí Kefalí Lighthouse is located at the northeastern edge of Chalkida, within the city's urban center, representing one of the area's most notable landmarks. With a range of 12 nautical miles, it emits white flashing light at a focal height of 21 meters above sea level.

The lighthouse began operation in 1886, taking its name from the cape where it was built. Initially powered by oil, it emitted a steady red light with a range of 15 nautical miles.

During World War II, it remained inactive but resumed operation in 1945, powered by oil and later acetylene. In 1975, the oil-powered machinery was replaced, transforming it into a supervised electric lighthouse, and by 1980 it became fully automated, monitored by a lighthouse keeper.

It is one of the few manned lighthouses remaining in Greece, as only six such lighthouses exist within the Greek Lighthouse Network. Evia is home to ten stone lighthouses, including the well-known Vasilinas Lighthouse in northern Evia, the Avlida Lighthouse, and the Mandíli Lighthouse in Karystos.

The lighthouse structure features characteristic stone architecture, comprising a rectangular keeper's house with an integrated square tower standing 8.5 meters tall.

Access to the tower is via a circular staircase made of solid stone steps. The frames of the openings and the building's corners are decorated with carved stones, while the roof is supported by small carved brackets. The keeper's house includes two rooms and utility areas, serving as the residence of the lighthouse keeper.

The lighthouse park is named Park of Lieutenant Dimitrios Stratakis, honoring the Chalkida-born officer who lost his life on September 30, 1997, when the Mirage 2000 fighter jet he was piloting crashed near Skyros island during a mission.

The enclosed courtyard is filled with pine trees and includes a playground. The surrounding area has been landscaped into a green space, creating a pleasant atmosphere for visitors.

Lighthouses open their doors to the public on World Lighthouse Day, celebrated on August 21, offering visitors the chance to learn about their contribution to maritime safety, their role as part of cultural heritage, and the work of lighthouse keepers in maintaining the lighthouse network.

The New War Museum of Chalkida

The New War Museum of Chalkida is a brilliant addition to the city's cultural landscape, inviting visitors to explore the rich military history of the region and Greece as a whole.

Housed in an iconic building of the historic Infantry School, the museum presents an extensive collection of military exhibits, ranging from historical documents and photographs to personal items of soldiers and equipment used in various periods.

Through its halls, visitors journey from the Venetian period to modern history and World War II, passing through the dramatic events and depictions of the Revolution of 1821.

Its collections include a wide range of objects: weapons, military uniforms, valuable archival and photographic materials, paintings, and artworks depicting significant battles, as well as impressive dioramas. Each exhibit pays tribute to the unparalleled bravery and sacrifices of our warrior ancestors, offering a deep experience of respect and gratitude.

Entering the museum's vestibule, visitors are greeted by the emblem of the Infantry, a symbol of courage and bravery, accompanied by rich photographic material covering events from the Macedonian Struggle to the Balkan Wars and World War II.

A special display is dedicated to the hero Lieutenant Colonel Dimitrios Misiris, offering a personal view of history through his personal belongings.

The First and Second Halls of the museum showcase a wealth of weaponry, from heavy weapons to detailed uniforms and honorary insignia. The visiting experience delves into the complexity of military history, allowing a true sense of connection to the past.

Also impressive are the exhibits in the museum's courtyard, which turn the visit into a unique experience. There, visitors have the opportunity to see up close military vehicles, battle tanks, and helicopters, each with its own history and contribution to military operations.

The latest addition that attracts the attention and interest of visitors is the historic Mirage F-1 Fighter Jet, which stands there as a symbol of martial skill that since 1975 has been the spearhead of our Hellenic Air Force.